What can be a consequence of guessing on multiple-choice questions?

The consequence of guessing on multiple-choice questions can lead to random misses and negatively impact scoring because incorrect answers typically reduce the overall score, especially in tests where points are deducted for wrong responses. When a student guesses, they have a chance of selecting an incorrect answer without any knowledge of the material, which can ultimately lower their score compared to answering only the questions they are confident about. This randomness results in a true reflection of their knowledge not being accurately represented, as guessing does not account for the reality of their understanding of the subject matter.

In contrast, other options may imply advantages or neutral effects of guessing that don't hold up under scrutiny, such as the idea that it ensures completion or reduces anxiety; neither of these directly addresses the detrimental impact guessing can have on scoring.